Dulmar
Cellulose waa polymer dabiici ah oo ka kooban unugyo β-glucose anhydrous ah, waxayna ku leedahay saddex kooxood oo hydroxyl giraan kasta.Iyadoo kiimikaad wax ka beddeleysa cellulose, noocyo kala duwan oo ka mid ah derivative cellulose ayaa la soo saari karaa, mid ka mid ahna waa ether cellulose.Cellulose ether waa unug polymer ah oo leh qaab dhismeed ether ah oo ka soo jeeda cellulose, oo ay ku jiraan methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, iyo kuwa kale.Alaabooyinkan waxaa badanaa la soo saaraa iyagoo ka falcelinaya cellulose alkali leh monochloroalkane, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, ama monochloroacetic acid.Eter-ka cellulose-ka ee ka soo baxa wuxuu leeyahay biyo nadiif ah oo heer sare ah, karti dhumucdiisuna, iyo sifooyinka filim samaynta, waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha sida dhismaha, daawooyinka, cuntada, iyo qurxinta.Eter cellulose waa la cusboonaysiin karo, noolayn karo, iyo walxo aan sun ahayn, taas oo ka dhigaysa beddelka caanka ah ee polymers synthetic.
Waxqabadka iyo Tilmaamaha
1. Astaamaha Muuqda
Eter cellulose waa caddaan, ur aan lahayn, budo dhogor ah oo si fudud u nuugta qoyaanka waxayna sameysaa kolloid deggan, viscous, hufan marka lagu milmo biyaha.
2. Samaynta Filimada iyo Ku-dhejinta
Wax ka beddelka kiimikaad ee cellulose si ay u soo saarto ether-ka cellulose waxay si weyn u saamaysaa hantideeda, oo ay ku jiraan milmaynteeda, kartida samaynta filimada, xoogga curaarta, iyo caabbinta milixda.Tilmaamahani waxay ka dhigaan ether ether ah polymer aadka loo jecel yahay oo leh awood farsamo oo aad u fiican, dabacsanaan, caabbinta kulaylka, iyo caabbinta qabow.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay soo bandhigaysaa waafaqid wanaagsan oo leh resins kala duwan iyo balaastikada, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon in loo isticmaalo soo saarista balaastikada, filimada, varnishes-ka, xabagta, cinjirka, iyo alaabta daahan daroogada.Sababo la xiriira sifooyinka kala duwan, ether cellulose waxay noqotey walxo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah warshadaha wax soo saarka, iyada oo bixisa waxqabadka hagaajinta, xasiloonida, iyo adkeysiga alaabooyin kala duwan.Natiijo ahaan, waxay leedahay codsiyo ballaaran oo dhinacyo kala duwan ah, oo ay ku jiraan dawooyinka, dahaarka, dunta, dhismaha, iyo warshadaha cuntada, iyo kuwa kale.
3. Solubility
Solubility ethers cellulose sida methylcellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, iyo sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose kala duwan yahay iyadoo ku xiran heerkulka iyo dareeraha la isticmaalo.Methylcellulose iyo methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose waxay ku milmaan biyo qabow iyo qaar ka mid ah dareerayaasha organic laakiin waxay soo da'aan marka la kululeeyo, iyadoo methylcellulose uu soo da'ayo 45-60 ° C iyo methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose isku dhafan oo etherified ah 65-80 ° C.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, daadaduhu waxay dib u milmi karaan marka heerkulku hoos u dhaco.Dhanka kale, hydroxyethyl cellulose iyo sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose waa biyo-milmi kara heerkul kasta laakiin aan milmin dareerayaasha organic.Ether-yada cellulose-ku waxay leeyihiin sifooyin kala duwan oo milmay iyo roobab ka dhigaya inay ku habboon yihiin codsiyada kala duwan ee warshadaha sida balaastigga, filimada, dahaarka, iyo koollada.
4. Dhumayn
Marka ether cellulose ku milmo biyaha, waxay samaysaa xal kolloidal kaas oo viscosity uu saameeyay heerka polymerization ee eter cellulose.Xalku waxa uu ka kooban yahay makromolecules fuuqbaxay kuwaas oo muujinaya dabeecadaha aan Newtonian ahayn, ie, habdhaqanka socodka ayaa isbeddelaya iyada oo la adeegsanayo xoogga xiiridda.Sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedka macromolecular, viscosity ee xalku si dhakhso ah ayuu u kordhiyaa xoojinta, laakiin si degdeg ah ayuu hoos ugu dhacayaa kororka heerkulka.Viscosity ee xalalka ether cellulose sidoo kale waxaa saameeya pH, xoogga ionic, iyo joogitaanka kiimikooyinka kale.Waxyaabahan gaarka ah ee ether-ka cellulose-ka ayaa ka dhigaya mid waxtar u leh codsiyo kala duwan sida xabagta, dahaarka, waxyaalaha la isku qurxiyo, iyo alaabta cuntada.
Codsiga
1. Warshadaha Shidaalka
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) waa eter cellulose ah oo leh codsiyo badan oo kala duwan oo ku saabsan habka soo saarista saliidda.Viscosity-kordhinta iyo luminta dareeraha ee hoos u dhigaya guryaha ayaa ka dhigaya doorashada caanka ah ee dareeraha qodista, dareeraha sibidhka, iyo dareeraha dillaaca.Gaar ahaan, waxay muujisay natiijooyin rajo leh oo hagaajinaya soo kabashada saliidda.NaCMC waxay iska caabin kartaa wasakhowga milixda ee kala duwan waxayna kordhisaa soo kabashada saliidda iyadoo yaraynaysa biyaha luminaya, caabbinta milixdeeda iyo awoodda korodhka viscosity waxay ka dhigaysaa mid ku habboon diyaarinta dareeraha qodista biyaha cusub, biyaha badda, iyo biyaha cusbada leh.
Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (NaCMHPC) iyo sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (NaCMHEC) waa laba nooc oo cellulose ether derivatives oo leh heerka slurrying sare, waxqabadka anti-kalsiyum wanaagsan, iyo viscosity-kordhinta awoodda, iyaga oo ka dhigaya doorashooyin aad u fiican sida qodista wakiilada daaweynta dhoobada iyo qalabka diyaarinta dareerayaasha dhamaystirka.Waxay muujinayaan awood sare u kaca-kordhinta awoodda iyo luminta dareeraha guryaha marka la barbar dhigo hydroxyethyl cellulose, iyo awoodda ay u leeyihiin in lagu qaabeeyo dareeraha qodista cufnaanta kala duwan ee miisaanka kalsiyum chloride waxay ka dhigaysaa wax lagu daro kordhinta wax soo saarka saliidda.
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) waa soosaar kale oo cellulose ah oo loo isticmaalo dhumucda dhoobada iyo wakiilka xasilinta qodista, dhamaystirka, iyo habka sibidhka.Marka la barbardhigo sodium carboxymethyl cellulose iyo guar xanjo, HEC waxay leedahay hakinta ciidda xooggan, awoodda milixda sare, caabbinta kulaylka wanaagsan, caabbinta isku dhafka hooseeya, lumis dareere yar, iyo jel jebinta xannibaadda.HEC ayaa si weyn loo isticmaalay sababtoo ah saameynteeda dhumucdeeda wanaagsan, hadhaaga hoose, iyo guryaha kale.Guud ahaan, ether-yada cellulose sida NaCMC, NaCMHPC, NaCMHEC, iyo HEC waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan habka soo saarista saliidda waxayna muujiyeen karti la taaban karo oo lagu hagaajinayo soo kabashada saliidda.
2. Warshadaha Dhismaha iyo Rinjiga
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose waa wax lagu daro dhismaha oo isku dhafan oo loo isticmaali karo dib-u-dejiye, wakiilka biyaha haynta, dhumuc iyo xidhaha si loo dhiso suufka iyo malaasta hoobiye.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa sida kala-firdhiye, wakiilka biyaha-haysta iyo dhumucyada loogu talagalay malaasta, hoobiye iyo qalabka dhulka lagu simo.Maasory gaar ah iyo isku darka hoobiye ka samaysan karboxymethyl cellulose waxay wanaajin kartaa shaqaynta, xajinta biyaha iyo iska caabinta dildilaaca, ka fogaanshaha dildilaaca iyo bannaanka gidaarka xannibaadda.Intaa waxaa dheer, methyl cellulose waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo qalabka qurxinta dusha sare ee deegaanka ee saaxiibtinimo ee derbiga heerka sare ah iyo dusha sare ee dhagaxa, iyo sidoo kale qurxinta dusha sare ee tiirarka iyo taalloyinka.
3. Warshadaha Kiimikada maalinlaha ah
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose waa viskosifier xasilin badan oo loo isticmaali karo noocyo kala duwan oo badeecooyin ah.Alaabooyinka koollada ah ee ay ku jiraan walxo cayriin oo budo ah, waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa kala firdhinta iyo xasilinta hakinta.Waxyaabaha la isku qurxiyo ee dareeraha ah ama emulsion-ka, waxay u shaqeysaa sidii dhumuc, kala firdhiyo, iyo wakiilka isku midka ah.Ka-soo-saarka cellulose-kan waxa kale oo uu u dhaqmi karaa sidii emulsion stabilizer, boomaato iyo shaambada dhumucdiye iyo xasiliye, xasiliyaha xabagta cadayga, dhumucda saabuunta iyo wakiilka wasaqda.Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, nooc ka mid ah ether cellulose, waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa sida stabilizer ah daawada cadayga ay sabab u tahay sifooyinka thixotropic, kaas oo ka caawiya ilaalinta formability cadayga iyo joogtaynta.Kala soocidani waxay sidoo kale adkaysi u leedahay milixda iyo aashitada, taasoo ka dhigaysa dhumuc wax ku ool ah saabuunta iyo wakiilada wasakhda.Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa sida wasakh firdhiso, dhumuc weyn leh, iyo kala firdhiso soo saarista budada dhaqida iyo saabuunta dareeraha ah.
4. Daawooyinka iyo Warshadaha Cuntada
Warshadaha dawooyinka, Yibang hydroxypropyl karboxymethylcellulose (HPMC) ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dawo ahaan si loo sii daayo daawada afka laga xukumo iyo diyaarinta sii deynta joogtada ah.Waxay u shaqeysaa sidii walxaha dib u dhigista sii-deynta si loo habeeyo sii-deynta mukhaadaraadka, iyo sida walxaha dahaarka si loo daahiyo sii-deynta qaababka.Methyl carboxymethyl cellulose iyo ethyl carboxymethyl cellulose ayaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo kiniiniyo iyo kaabsal, ama in lagu dahaadho kaniiniyada dahaarka leh sonkorta.Warshadaha cuntada, ethers-cellulose-ka heerka-sare ah ayaa ah dhumucyo wax ku ool ah, xasiliyayaal, wax-soosaarayaal, wakiilada biyaha celiya iyo wakiilada xumbo samaynta farsamada ee cuntooyinka kala duwan.Methylcellulose iyo hydroxypropylmethylcellulose waxaa loo tixgeliyaa dheef-shiid kiimikaad ahaan aan firfircoonayn oo ammaan bay u yihiin isticmaalka.Carboxymethylcellulose nadiif ah oo sarreeya ayaa lagu dari karaa cuntooyinka, oo ay ku jiraan caanaha iyo labeenta, xawaashka, macaanka, jelly, cunto qasacadaysan, sharoobada miiska, iyo cabitaannada.Intaa waxaa dheer, karboxymethyl cellulose waxaa loo isticmaali karaa gaadiidka iyo kaydinta miraha cusub sida duub balaastig ah, oo siinaya saameyn cusub oo wanaagsan, wasakh yar, waxyeello la'aan, iyo wax soo saarka makaanaysan fudud.
5. Qalabka wax qabadka indhaha iyo korantada
Eter-ka cellulose-ka saafiga ah ee sare leh oo leh aashito wanaagsan iyo caabbinta milixdu waxay u shaqeysaa sidii xasiliye dhumucdiisuna waxay tahay elektrolytka, taasoo bixisa guryaha kolloidalka deggan ee baytariyada alkaline iyo zinc-manganese.Qaar ka mid ah ethers-ka cellulose-ka ayaa muujiya crystallinity dareere heerkulbeeg ah, sida hydroxypropyl cellulose acetate, kaas oo sameeya kiristaalo dareere ah oo kolestarool ah oo ka hooseeya 164 ° C.
Tixraaca ugu muhiimsan
● Qaamuuska Walxaha Kiimikada.
● Astaamaha, diyaarinta iyo codsiga warshadaha ee etherka cellulose.
● Heerka Quo iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Suuqa Eter-ka Cellulose.
